In navigation, what does guaranteed integrity refer to, and how is it tested?

• A. Integrity means safety-critical performance; tested via fault detection, exception handling, and adherence to sensitivity.
• B. Integrity pertains to fast update rates of the system.
• C. Integrity concerns minimizing power consumption.
• D. Integrity is about maximizing channel capacity.

Answer: (C)

Guaranteed integrity means you can trust the navigation information to be within a known accuracy bound and, crucially, that any fault is detected quickly so a warning or safe action can be triggered before the user is affected. The best way to test this is to focus on safety-critical performance: the system must have fault-detection mechanisms that reveal anomalies, robust exception handling so it can respond safely when something goes wrong, and established sensitivity or alert thresholds to ensure timely warnings. In practice, integrity testing often involves fault injection and monitoring to verify that detections occur, that the system can isolate or degrade gracefully, and that alerts remain within the required risk limits. Options that emphasize fast update rates, low power, or higher channel capacity miss the central idea of trustworthiness and protective response under fault conditions, which is what integrity is all about.